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u .i @attenlinten;l garnet @fff' `.Milton MARDEN AND AARON H. nononssgfor: PHILADELPHIA, PENN-V SYLVANIA., f vLettera Patent llo. 66,032, dated vehm@ `25, 1867,

IMPROVEMENT-1N Nmx'rasoro'ns.

` iigefrgehuit tirant tu initier ittettutmt int making putt-infilo sume.

` TO ALL AWHOM4 IT MAY GONCERN: v y j Be if: known thatn'e, AARON MARDEN and'AlaoN H. Bimenes, ot' thecity and county of Philadelphia, Vand Stato ofl Pennsylvania, have invented arnew and improved 'Nail-Extractor Vand we vdofherehy declare the foly loivingfisV a full, clear-,and exact description thereof, reference being had to the`accompanyingdrawings, and to "the lettersrof reference marked -thereon.

The nature of our invention consists in making an implement for drawin'gnails from boxes. This instrument indents the w'food and grasps the head of the -n'ail at the same time; then, lby a motion of the handle, the nail is pulled clean outnlmost perpendicularly.' l i To enable others skilled the-art to make anduse our invention, we-will proceed tofdescribe its construction nnd'operation. l f

i Figure 1 isa plan.

' 'Figure 2 is `a section. l

Similar letters'in` each figure refer to 'the same parts. 4 v v The instrument is made'of a pair foiljaws, D -D,`jointe d at the top,` and to/peling towards the bottom. They `are fitted into a tapering mortise, B, .in one end oia handle, QA; The part. of thefhandle by this moi-fisc is nrchecL'and bears on a foot, C, anda'ful'crnm, C this arching allows the operator to' see how to place Athe jaws directly ,over Athenail-heard. d'The-jaws are jointed at the top ,a pin, e, fitting half-way into each, and a link. F. is'fas'tend tn :each jaw by va pin, The ends of the jaws D are obtuse-ly pointedatd d, and 'the inside' surface is 'serrated to take'l a iirm hold of the nail-head. At dthe jaw is indented or recessed, to accommodate fthe `nail-head iithe points d'shouldtbe driven below it. 7i is asmnll coiled spring'toseparate thejaws D. Pins K are driven thronghthe mortise B, just above the hooks K, to prevent the jaws falling outfof the handle g4 at V the .same time they allow a free motion of the jaws up anddown ashort distance. The jawsD are made slightly tapering in width, and smallest at the bottom, so that when in positionl they restrupon the lower part a of the A morti-se'B, which said Inortise diverges at a greater angle than the said jaws. M is the. wood .from which the nail N isto be drawn; and when the-instrument is in position for operating on the nail, as in fig. 2, the points of the jaws d, till-e foot C, and-the fulcrum C are all. about on a line. About three inches from C vis another; fulcrumbCf.. A l

The operation oi the instrument is this: The jaws D are'placed over the nail, as in fig.' 2, the-handle resting y on thepoints C and Thetop ends of the jaws arethen struck with a mallet, whi`ch forces them downwards, indenting the wood ou each vside of the 11ail,and at thesnme time (by the wedge-shaped form of the jaivslthe points d arebronght nearer tgether, and grasp the nail-head with great force. The end of handle A being novv pressed down wards,n powerful leverage is obtained upon the 'fulcrnm C', which starts the nail; the other i`ulcrum C now bears upon' the woodand the-distance from the. jaws to the fnlcrum` C being greater, the nail is drawn clean out, almost perpcndicnlarly. It is not of much consequence whether thel nail-head comes above the recess dor not, as the `construction of the wedge-shaped `javvs gives such a powerfulgripe that the nail can be drawn oyen if it has noihead at'all.

' Wovdo noti-restrict ourselves to the use `oi' the particular spring la shown; nor tothe pins K for retaining the jaws in the mortise,'as a single pi-nworlcing vin aperpendicnlar slot would ahswer the purpose; nor to the p'articulanjform of the top jointe, as it might be made like the joint of apair of Compasses, or other joint well known to machinists, the only requisite being that it must be strong enough to communicate the blow of the molletl from one to the other,`f the mallet should -not fall equally upon both jaws; and itmnst also allow :the points dfto open and shut a small distance. i

i What We claim as our invention, and desire td. secure by Letters Patent, ifs- A Weclaim the' jaws D D, when constructed with slightly tapering sides',-liin-ged together at the top, and

Vhaving anintervening spring, which jaws rest in a corresponding tapering mortise, B, in the handle A, and

l operate together inthe manner substantially as desmibed,v and for the purpose specified.

Y V AARON MARDEN,

' AARON H. BURGESS.

Witnesses: l

W. W. Douonnnrr, Enw'n Bnowa. 

